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Wooden window (Illustration)

Production process

Windows

There are many different production approaches in the manufacture of windows - hardly two window production plants in the world are the same. Here, common processes for the production of windows and window combinations with only straight parts are described. The production process of windows with curved parts (circular windows, arched windows) is different.
In Europe, requirements for windows in different areas of application are defined in EN 14351-1, where specifications for air tightness, wind resistance, resistance to driving rain and heat transmission are given. However, the contents of this standard can also provide important information beyond Europe. Depending on the intended use and international practices, numerous different constructions are used worldwide. The differences lie mainly in the profile, the opening variant and the corner joint. The manufacturing process is similar, of course.

Window profiles: Terms for window profiles are standardised. Common profiles are IV68, IV78, IV90, IV 106. In addition to simple wooden windows, wood-aluminium constructions, front doors (often with fixed glazing), lift and slide doors, low-energy windows or windows for passive houses are also possible.
Opening variants: turning window, tilting window, tilt and turn window, sliding window horizontal, sliding window vertical, swing window etc.
Corner joint: The traditional connection is slot and tenon. Today, the dowel connection is the most common, usually secured with screws.
Other points to consider when designing a window: Fitting rebate, gear groove, design of glazing beads, glazing, execution of edges inside and outside, drainage variants, driving rain seal.

In a company that produces 10 window units per day, the production is organized differently than in a company with a daily production of several hundred window units. For this reason, a distinction is made here between small and medium-scale production (1 to 100 windows per day) and mass production (more than 100 windows per day). The type of construction also makes a difference: standard windows here refer to single sash windows in standard dimensions. These are mainly produced as stock items.Window combinations are elements with several sashes or fixed glazing, which are produced individually according to measurements on the building site. 
 

Source product

Window scantling, solid or finger-jointed and usually glued in three layers. Standard species of wood are meranti, oak, pine, larch, and spruce. There is information on bonding in DIN EN 204.

Overview of the different manufacturing variants


Production scale

Mass production

Complexity




Production scale

Small to medium scale production

Complexity




Everything from a single source: general contractors for window production plants

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Necessary peripheral devices for Windows8

  • Briquetting presses

    E.g. used in:Carcass furniture, Windows, Wooden stairs, Mass Timber

  • Chips and dust extraction systems (including filters)

    E.g. used in:Windows, Wooden stairs, Mass Timber

  • Chopping machines (slow-speed)

    E.g. used in:Windows

  • Extraction machines, stand alone

    E.g. used in:Windows, Mass Timber

  • Extraction systems

    E.g. used in:Carcass furniture, Windows, Flooring, Wooden stairs

  • Fire and spark extinguishing systems

    E.g. used in:Carcass furniture, Windows, Flooring, Wooden stairs, Mass Timber, Wood-based Panels

  • Silos

    E.g. used in:Windows

  • Stationary hoggers

    E.g. used in:Windows, Wooden stairs, Mass Timber

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